In this paper, an innovative adaptive OUTPUT feedback control scheme is proposed for general multi-input multi-OUTPUT (MIMO) plants with unknown parameters in a REGULATION task; such that the OUTPUTs of the plant converge to zero as well as the control gains remain uniformly bounded. First an adaptive observer is designed to estimate the state variables and system parameters by using the inputs and OUTPUTs of the plant. Then a linear combination of the estimated states by adaptive control gains is used to design a robust adaptive controller. Some theorems are given to show the convergence of the modeling errors and the control gains. The proposed controller is used to control a two degree of freedom robot manipulator such that the robot moves from any initial configuration to zero position. Simulation results exhibit the effectiveness of the proposed scheme to control the robot manipulator with different initial conditions and parameter perturbations.

The current research was conducted with the aim of the effect of attachment style on emotion REGULATION with the mediating role of identity style. The research method was descriptive and structural equation analysis. The statistical population of the research was all second year high school students of Kashan city in the academic year of 1400-1401, of which 500 people were selected by random cluster method. Data were collected based on three questionnaires: Gross & Jan (2003) Emotional REGULATION Inventory, Identity Style Scale (6G-ISI) and Collins and Reid (1990) Attachment Style Questionnaire. The data are obtained by structural equation modeling and using Laserl 8.8 and 26 spss software. analyzed. Based on the results, secure attachment style at a significance level of 0.01, avoidant attachment style at a significance level of 0.05, and ambivalent attachment style at a significance level of 0.01 directly predicted emotion REGULATION. Among the three attachments, secure attachment style predicted emotion REGULATION at a significant level of 0.01, with the mediation of identity styles. Informational identity style at a significance level of 0.01, confused identity style at a significance level of 0.05 directly predicted emotion REGULATION. Among the three attachments, only the secure attachment style at a significance level of 0.01 had a significant role in predicting the normative identity style. According to the results of this study, emotion REGULATION is one of the most important constructs of educational psychology and an important factor in determining mental health and successful performance. It is in education that the factors affecting emotion REGULATION and its antecedents should be identified. Planning for training and holding educational workshops in this field in schools is suggested for students.

High power density of switched-capacitor converters (SCCs) is due to absent of inductive components. But, this subject leads to OUTPUT voltage REGULATION problem and hard switching characteristics due to high current spikes, which increase switching losses and noise and limit the power rating. Although, performances of some SCCs have been improved recently by including some small inductors in their topologies, but, only few of them can regulate OUTPUT voltage and have soft switching characteristics. Here, by combining an active clamp and a boost SCC, both OUTPUT voltage REGULATION and soft switching characteristics are achieved, even when wide input voltage and load variations are applied. So, switching frequency can be increased to reduce inductors and capacitors values, due to low switching losses and noise. It reduces the converter volume and also improves its performance, because small inductors and capacitors have better high-frequency characteristics, practically. Therefore, the modified converter is practically much better than the conventional configuration, especially at high power ratings. Here, the modified converter has been analyzed, mathematically, and to verify the given analyses, it has been simulated and implemented at 200kHz for regulating a 400V OUTPUT voltage, even when wide input voltage (50-100V) and load (400Ω-8kΩ ) variations are applied.

High gain Balun-low-noise-amplifier (LNA) is proposed for tuner of digital televisions (DTVs). The proposed Balun-LNA is based on CS-CG (common-source-common-gate) structure. To improve the isolasion and frequency response, Balun-LNA has cascode transistors before load resistors. Balun-LNA uses current-bleeding circuit to increasie transconductance of CS transistor, so that current-bleeding transistor has transconductance of N-1 times larger than transconductance of cascode transistor. Thereby, transconductance and current of CS transistor are increased N times, as N-1 times of current pass to current-bleeding transistor. Therefore current of CG and CS stages stay identical. Also, Balun-LNA employs a positive feedback to satisfy input impedance matching and CG transistor has higher transconductance. By increasing transconductance of CS and CG transistors, the proposed Balun-LNA achieves to high voltage gain. Accordingly, CG and CS tansistors have symmetrical currents and loads at the differential OUTPUT of the proposed Balun-LNA. Symmetrical loads cause the balanced differential OUTPUTs. This proposed Balun-LNA is designed in 90-nm CMOS technology and covers the frequency range of 40 MHz to 1GHz. This Balun-LNA achieves the voltage gain of 22.6 dB, S11 of less than -10 dB and the Minimum NF of 5 dB. This Balun-LNA operates at the nominal supply voltage of 2.2v.

The present paper investigated the effectiveness of concept mapping as a learning strategy on EFL students’ self-REGULATION (metacognitive self-REGULATION, time and study environment, effort REGULATION, peer learning, and help seeking). Sixty university students participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups, each including thirty students. They were at the intermediate level of English proficiency and studying English either Translation or Literature. Their language proficiency was determined by the Michigan Test of English Language Proficiency (MTELP) (Corrigan, 1979). The instrument to collect data on the students’ selfREGULATION was the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) (Printrich et al., 1991). The findings revealed that students gained higher self-REGULATION in writing tasks as the result of the explicit instruction of the concept mapping strategy. The findings have implications for pedagogy as well as for research.

Recent studies in amnion and chorion trophoblasts have shown that glucocorticoids (GC) increase and decrease expression and activity of PGHS and PGDH enzymes respectively. However, the effects of GC on the expression of these enzymes in placental cells (PC) is unknown.Human placenta were obtained from uncomplicated term pregnancies after elective cesarian section delivery. The dispersed cells were filtered and loaded on to a continous percoll gradient (5-70%) and after 72 hrs incubation of primary culture cell medium were washed and changed and then treated for 24 hrs in the presence or absence of arachidonic acid (5 M), plus various combinations of meloxicam (MEL, 1 M), indomethacin (Ind, 1 M) dexamethasone (DEX, 1 M) and sulphasalazine (SFZ , 1 M). After incubation period cell mediums were collected for determination of PGE2 by radioimmunoassay. One-way ANOVA test and student's t-test were used to assess statistical differences and statistical significances were set at P<0.05.Dexamethasone produced a significant, almost doubling of PGE2 OUTPUT, but this was not altered further by Mel. In the presece of SFZ alone , there was a significant approximate doubling increase in the OUTPUT of PGE2 (P<0.05) and this increase further in the presence of dexamethasone that increase was reduced by further addition of Mel (P<0.05). Indomethacine treatment significantly reduced stimulation of PGE2 OUTPUT seen in the presence of SFZ, or the further increase seen in cells treated with SFZ plus dexamethasone.We conclude that basal PGE2 OUTPUT by term human PC likely depends on the activity of PGHS-1 not PGHS-2 .The effects of SFZ show the importance of endogenous PGDH in regulating PGE2 OUTPUT , and interactions with SFZ , DEX and MEL suggest that GC stimulated OUTPUT of PGE2 by PC may be attributable to both up REGULATION of PGHS and decrease activity of PGDH.

This paper describes a new design for direct sliding mode method with a high switching frequency using the PD-PI type sliding surface applied to a negative OUTPUT Luo converter worked in continuous current mode for applications required constant power source such as aerospace applications, medical equipment and etc. Because of the OUTPUT power and line changes, the converter model is also nonlinear and time varying. In addition, losses dissipation and voltage drops caused a deviation between the theoretical and actual OUTPUT voltage of this converter. For improvement of the converter performance along with the current and voltage REGULATIONs, a nonlinear controller is required. This suggested controller is proper to inherently variable structure of the converter and can cope with nonlinearities associated with its model. The goal is to ensure a satisfactory response for the converter. The practical results showed that the proposed strategy helps to eliminate the voltage error along with continuous current operation of the converter in very light loads and high switching frequency in different operating points.

In this paper, we study the containment control problem of heterogeneous linear multi-agent systems under directed topology based on OUTPUT REGULATION framework and using OUTPUT feedback control. Motivated by leader-follower OUTPUT REGULATION problems, the leaders are assumed to be exosystems with identical dynamics. In controller design approach for each follower, we utilize a distributed dynamic OUTPUT feedback control scheme. To achieve the objective of this work we utilize the containment error, which enables us to consider more than one leader in OUTPUT REGULATION framework and to use OUTPUT REGULATION techniques with some modifications to solve the containment problem. Finally, the validity of theoretical results are demonstrated through an example.

The sources of OUTPUT growth of Iranian agriculture over the years 1986-2001 has been examined, using a decomposition method within the input-OUTPUT (IO) framework. The three comparable IO tables of 1986, 1991, and 2001 have been employed as the main data sources. OUTPUT changes from a demand side perspective, and decomposition of the growth of OUTPUT into components attributable to consumption demand, investment demand, export, import substitution, as well as intermediate input use have been accounted for. Throughout the study, the economy of Iran has been divided into 20 sectors. Since the focus of the study is to identify the sources of OUTPUT growth in agricultural sector, the sector is further divided into four sub-sectors with the relative prominence of sources of growth being determined for each of the sub-sectors. Results revealed that increase in intermediate input demand, increase in investment demand as well as increase in export for final goods are respectively, the main factors contributing to the OUTPUT growth in farming, livestock, hunting and fishery, and forestry sectors over the 1986-91 period. As for 1991-2001 period, household demand for final products is the main source of OUTPUT growth as regards the first three sectors. This factor in joint with government consumption explains the OUTPUT growth in the forestry sector over the years 1991-2001. In addition, export expansion contributes to the growth of OUTPUT in all the agricultural sub-sectors except for the livestock. In total, the share of contribution to OUTPUT growth from intermediate demand has declined, while that from export and consumption increasing.

A novel ultra-high compliance, low power, very accurate and high OUTPUT impedance current OUTPUT stage (COS) with extremely high OUTPUT current drive capability is proposed in this paper. The principle of operation of this unique structure is discussed, its most important formulas are derived and its outstanding performance is verified by HSPICE simulation in TSMC 0.18mm CMOS, BSIM3, and Level49 technology.This deliberately composed structure utilizes a well combination (for a mutual auto control action) of negative and positive feedbacks to achieve ever demanded merits such as very low power of 150mW, ultra high ratio of 3000 for OUTPUT current over the bias current (which is selected to be 0.5mA) at low THD of -20dB and very high OUTPUT impedance of 5GWwith power supplies of ±0.5V when operating at class AB mode. Simulation results with ±0.5V power supply shows an absolute OUTPUT voltage dynamic range of 0.9V which interestingly provides the highest yet reported OUTPUT voltage compliance for Current mode building blocks implemented by regular CMOS technology. Full process, voltage, and temperature variation (PVT) analysis of the circuit is also investigated in order to approve the well robustness of the structure. The transient stepwise response is also done to verify the proposed COS stability.